SYSTEMATIC HYDROGEOLOGICAL SURVEYS
Systematic
Hydrogeological Surveys are the first approximation and resource evaluation studies taken
up in an area to work out the existing ground water regime, geological environment, hydro
chemical conditions, assessment and monitoring of development and management of ground
water resources and all related aspects. Entire Madhya Pradesh State, covering an area
308252 sq.kms. has been covered under systematic survey upto 31st March 1991. These
surveys have provided valuable base data for the ground water conditions of a state that
is underlain by hard rock terrain and is highly prone to drought conditions.
DISTRICT GROUND WATER
MANAGEMENT STUDIES
Ground water is a dynamic
resource and thus it is essential to monitor the behavioral changes of ground water regime
over a period of time and re-arrange the priorities, if need be . For this purpose
District Ground Water Management Studies (Reappraisal Hydrogeological Surveys) have been
carried out in an area of about 2,95,000 sq.kms. of NCR, upto March 2002. These studies
have established the change in the ground water regime over a period of time, the change
in the cropping pattern due to change in the availability of ground water resources and
modernization in the pump and tubewell technology. These studies have also identified
areas that were hitherto considered safe from the quality point of view as well as
established the water surplus /deficit areas.
GROUND WATER
EXPLORATION
Exploratory drilling is
being taken up by deploying DTH & Rotary rigs of 200 m to 300 m drilling capacity in
different geological formations i.e. hard rocks, sedimentary and unconsolidated sediments
for identification of potential aquifers, demarcation of their vertical and lateral
extensions, delineation of fresh/saline water aquifers. Systematic hydrogeological tests
for evaluation of potentialities of different aquifers, determination of spacing between
tubewells etc. The above data is essential for planned scientific development and
management of this vital resource.
Till March 2002,
exploratory drilling at 848 sites has been completed. Out of these drilling at 222 sites
was taken up under special assistance in the drought affected areas of MP during the year
2001-2. Successful exploratory tubewells have been constructed in different
hydrogeological terrains. Exploratory drilling has established the presence of potential
aquifers in basalts, Gondwanas, Vindhyan Sandstones, Granites apart from the limited
alluvial terrain of the state
The following are the
highlights and achievements of exploration taken up in Madhya Pradesh:
Occurrence of promising
aquifer zones was established in the basaltic terrain of Narmada Sagar area falling in
Khandwa, Khargone and Dhar districts. Potential zones were also identified in the Bagh
beds and tubewells yielding upto 1000 LPM were constructed in an area, which was hitherto
a water scarcity area.
In Gambhir basin
falling in Indore district, occurrence of promising aquifers in basalts was established
yielding upto 700 LPM.
Special exploratory
studies in the Kuteshwar Limestone area of Katni district established the occurrence of
cavernous limestone and strong possibilities of seepage of reservoir water through these
cavers resulting in the inundation of limestone quarries.
Exploration was taken
up in the fluoride affected areas of Shivpuri and Chhindwara districts and aquifers having
fluoride within the permissible limit and having excess fluoride were identified so that
PHED could tap the safe aquifer for drinking water supplies.
Exploration in Mandsaur
district established the occurrence of saline aquifers at deeper levels. The position of
Saline-Fresh water interface was also established.
High yielding wells
were constructed in many urban areas of the state. These wells solved the drinking water
crisis in the otherwise water scarcity towns.
It was established that
the Gondwana sandstones and Lametas of Katni and Jabalpur districts respectively have
promising fresh water aquifers. At the same time it has also been established that the
basalts of Jabalpur are not promising.
Free flowing artesian
aquifers were delineated in Shahdol district along with high yields of the order of 2336
LPM.
Exploration in Bhind
and Morena districts established the presence of saline aquifer at deeper levels. In Phuph
area of Bhind district, the state govt. had drilled at 42 locations without successfully
locating promising aquifers, CGWB constructed two exploratory wells and subsequently under
the guidance of CGWB based on its exploration data, the state govt. could construct
several successful wells.
The exploration in the
chronically drought affected area of Khandwa district provided succor to the residents in
the form of 14 successful tube wells out of which 4 were in A category.
Drilling at 222
locations was taken up under drought assistance to the state government and the 174
successful wells provided relief in the drought-affected areas of the state.
In most of the
districts of Madhya Pradesh layers of soft collapsible formations are encountered
in-between layers of hard rocks making it difficult to negotiate these layers during
drilling operations. Moreover, for successful completion of wells in such formations it is
necessary to lower full length/ part assemblies in almost every well. Several innovative
approaches have been devised and attempted by the engineering officers and drilling crew
of the Division XII to negotiate these tricky formations and complete successful wells in
these formations.
In alluvial area of
Hoshangabad district, at a well drilled at MAF Babai site coarse-grained alluvial deposits
comprising boulders, pebbles and coarse sand were encountered. The sieve analysis of
samples indicated the possibility of constructing a naturally developed well and it was
decided to construct a naturally developed well at the site on experimental basis. The
well was completed without any gravel pack and successfully developed adopting
concentrated development method with the use of specially designed, locally fabricated
double packer surge block-cum-isolation tool and Sodium- hexa-met-phosphate as
deflocculating agent.
By and large , the
villages referred to CGWB by the state govt. are problem villages where the state govt.
has not been successful in constructing tube wells. However, CGWB , based on its earlier
exploration, using the best techniques available, has been successful in constructing tube
wells to not only generate scientific data but also provide assistance to the state govt.
List Of High
Yielding Wells Constructed
| Sl. No |
District |
Location/Site |
Drilling Depth (m.bgl.) |
Dis-charge (lps) |
Formation |
| 1 |
Katni |
Basari |
66 |
7.0 |
Sandstone/Shale |
| 2 |
Katni |
Lakhakhera |
67 |
9.0 |
Gond Sandstone |
| 3 |
Katni |
Katni |
68 |
10.5 |
Alluvium |
| 4 |
Katni |
Khirahni |
61 |
5.0 |
Gondwana S.st. |
| 5 |
Katni |
Kua |
59.20 |
26.0 |
Dolomite |
| 6 |
Katni |
Barcheka |
94.40 |
12.9 |
Gondwana sandstone |
| 7 |
Jabalpur |
Kastra |
148.5 |
6.5 |
Deccan Traps/Lameta SST |
| 8 |
Jabalpur |
Kailwara |
70.10 |
14.7 |
Dolomite |
| 9 |
Khandwa |
Shahpur |
194.75 |
12.0 |
Alluvium |
| 10 |
Khandwa |
Khar-Kalan |
175.07 |
12.5 |
Basalt |
| 11 |
Ujjain |
Sumrakhera |
166.20 |
9 |
Deccan Trap |
| 12 |
Ujjain |
Kakariya |
119 |
11 |
Deccan Trap |
| 13 |
Ujjain |
Lohana |
194.75 |
6.3 |
Deccan Trap |
| 14 |
Ujjain |
Makdon |
127.30 |
5.7 |
Deccan Trap |
| 15 |
Ujjain |
Thukral |
148.55 |
8.1 |
Deccan Trap |
| 16 |
Ujjain |
Chirola Kalan |
68.80 |
9.0 |
Deccan Trap |
| 17 |
Ujjain |
Nagda |
207.60 |
5.7 |
Deccan Trap |
| 18 |
Ujjain |
Mahashaktinagar |
167.68 |
8.0 |
Deccan Trap |
| 19 |
Ujjain |
Gaughat |
140.12 |
7.2 |
Deccan Trap |
| 20 |
Ujjain |
Vednagar |
157.20 |
7.0 |
Deccan Trap |
| 21 |
Ujjain |
Mahakal |
180.90 |
5.8 |
Deccan Trap |
| 22 |
Ujjain |
Piplinaka |
200.00 |
4.5 |
Deccan Trap |
| 23 |
Shivpuri |
Maniar |
141.90 |
14.5 |
Lr. Vindhyan Sandstone |
| 24 |
Shivpuri |
Ludhawali |
154.10 |
22.00 |
Up. Vindhyan Sandstone |
| 25 |
Shivpuri |
Dhaulagarh |
115.40 |
15.0 |
Fr. Vindhyan Sandstone |
| 26 |
Shivpuri |
Biroda |
124.40 |
5.4 |
Granite |
| 27 |
Shivpuri |
Paroda |
101.00 |
5.0 |
Laterite/Vindhyan Sst. |
| 28 |
Hoshangabad |
Hoshangabad |
81.45 |
17.0 |
Alluvium |
| 29 |
Hoshangabad |
Babai |
104.20 |
16.12 |
Alluvium |
| 30 |
Hoshangabad |
Sohagpur |
109.45 |
16.00 |
Alluvium |
| 31 |
Hoshangabad |
Piparia |
139.50 |
12.0 |
Alluvium |
| 32 |
Hoshangabad |
Itarsi |
35.95 |
5.6 |
Alluvium |
| 33 |
Hoshangabad |
Seoni Malwa |
65.85 |
17.0 |
Alluvium |
| 34 |
Sheopur |
Karahal |
192.54 |
14.0 |
Vindhyan/Sst. |
| 35 |
Sheopur |
Kanapur |
155.60 |
6.0 |
Vindhyan/Sst. |
| 36 |
Narsimhapur |
Narsimhapur |
145.15 |
12.0 |
Alluvium |
| 37 |
Narsimhapur |
Kareli |
157.00 |
12.0 |
Alluvium |
| 38 |
Narsimhapur |
Gadarwara |
200.15 |
25.0 |
Alluvium |
| 39 |
Chhindwara |
Rajakhoh Dhana |
103.70 |
10.0 |
Granite |
| 40 |
Chhindwara |
Khakra Charai |
137.20 |
5.03 |
Granite |
| 41 |
Chhindwara |
Nimni |
146.40 |
8.5 |
Granite - Gneisses |
| 42 |
Datia |
Badonkalan |
57.72 |
13.0 |
Alluvium |
| 43 |
Chhatarpur |
Bada Malhera |
200.00 |
7.8 |
Granite |
| 44 |
Dewas |
Lohar-pipaliya |
200.00 |
5.28 |
Deccan Trap |
| 45 |
Guna |
Behatghat |
200.93 |
4.1 |
Deccan Trap |
| 46 |
Gwalior |
Nowgawan |
200.00 |
4.00 |
Sandstone |
|
 |
HIGHLIGHTS AND ACHIEVEMENTS
