NCR has
taken up hydrogeological studies in Bhopal, Ujjain, Jabalpur, Indore and Gwalior cities.
The following are the significant findings.
Jabalpur city:
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Underlain by formations ranging in are from lower proterozoic to
pliestocene, structurally very complex and thus considered a "Home of Geology".
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Has shallow water levels gets water logged during post monsoon.
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Net ground water resource available is 2326 ham along with a potential
resoruce of 480 ham.
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Chemically ground water is fresh except that almost 60% of the samples
collected show fluoride content higher than the permissible limits for drinking water.
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Ground water can further contribute 40 million liters per day of drinking
water supplies in the city.
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It is recommended that ground water development should take place at an
accelerated pace in the city through dugwells and tubewells the suitable locations for
which have been identified.
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Ground water supplies should either be mixed with fresh water supplies or
defluoridized before supply to residents.
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Indore City:
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Underlain by Deccan Trap basalts.
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Long term trend analysis of ground water levels depicts a declinign
trend;]
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State of ground water development is 172.5%
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Ground water quality largely fresh, however, at a few locations high
salinity observed.
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The Khan river which mainly drains the city is highly polluted.
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It is recommended that a ban should be imposed on further drilling of
tubewells.
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Large scale rooftop rainfall harvesting should be taken up increase the
availability and sustainability of ground water.
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Action plan for purification of Khan river should be implemented.
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Bhopal City:
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Underlain by Vindhyan sandstone and basalts of the Deccen Trap.
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Promising aquifer zones in the Vindhyan within a depth range of 60-70 mbgl
especially at the base of Vindhyan hillocks or under a cover of weathered basalt.
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Weathered and vesicular basalts also form potential aquifers.
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Areas identified for construction of tubewells.
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Need for rooftop rainwater harvesting stressed to make the aquifer more
sustainable.
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Chemically the ground water contains high nitrate at a few places.
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Ujjain City:
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Underlain by basalts that form promising phreatic aquifer.
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Western part of the city overexploited due to construction of many
tubewells and it is recommended that6 to further drilling should be taken up in this part;
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Eastern parts of river Shipra about 3-4 kms. away is very promising for
construction of deep tubewells.
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Ten exploratory wells constructed by CGWB have provided about 4.5 million
liters per day of drinking water to the city thereby solving the drinking water crisis in
drought.
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Southern and southeastern parts underlain by vesicular and amygdalodal
basalts are very promising for artificial recharge.
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The sites identified for construction of percolation tanks.
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Central parts of the city can adopt rooftop rainwater harvesting.
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Gwalior City:
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A fast growing city
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Ground water accounts mainly for water supply through about 500 tubwells
600 handpumps and 50 dugwells.
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Ground water levels declining.
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Chemically water is fresh except a few isolated locations where due to
localized pollution the nitrate content is high.
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Urgent need to conserve and adopt the practice of rooftop rainfall
harvesting to increase the availability and sustainability of ground water.
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HYDROGEOLOGICAL STUDIES - Urban
Hydrogeology Studies
