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State Profile
Ground Water Scenario
Jammu & Kashmir
Area (Sq.km) |
2,22,236 |
Rainfall (mm) |
998 |
Total Districts / Blocks |
14 districts / 123 Blocks |
GROUND WATER MEDIUM (Hydrogeological Conditions)
The occurrence of ground water in the State is primarily confined to five alluvial regions namely (I) Piedmont deposits of outer plain of Jammu, (ii) Dune belt in the outer Himalayas, (iii) Isolated valley fill deposits in lesser Himalayas, (iv) Fluvio-lacustrine deposits in Kashmir valley and Morains and Fluvio-glacial deposits of Laddakh. The piedmonts can be further divided into Kandi and Sirowal belts. Ground water, except Kandi area where deep water table conditions occur, is both under phreatic and confined conditions. Ground water potential in the Dune belt is limited and yield of wells, 80 to 130 m deep is 3-6 m3/hr. In isolated valley fills, the yield from confined aquifer is about 3m3/hr. from well of 65m depth. Dug wells in Kashmir valley have limited yield whereas deep tubewells yield between 17-216 m3/hr. Ground water occur as perched water table and gives rise to spring or unconfined conditions in Moraines and fluvio-glacial deposits. In these areas, yield of tubewell varies from 36-54 m3/hr. The ground water in hard rock of Jammu region is confined to weathered residium, where the Tubewells go dry during summer seasons. The quality of ground water is generally potable.
GROUND WATER EXPLORATION/SOURCES FINDINGS
Dynamic Resources |
Annual Replenishable Ground water Resource |
2.70 BCM |
Net Annual Ground Water Availability |
2.43 BCM |
Annual Ground Water Draft |
0.33 BCM |
Stage of Ground Water Development |
14 % |
Developmental Monitoring |
Over Exploited |
NIL |
Critical |
NIL |
Semi- critical |
NIL |
Exploratory Tube wells Constructed (as on 31.03.2007) |
275 |
No. of ground water observation wells |
206 |
Ground Water User Maps |
14 districts |
Artificial Recharge to Ground Water (AR) |
- Area identified for AR: -
- Quantity of Surface Water to be Recharged :161 MCM
- Feasible AR structures: 500 Nala Bunds, 336 Revival of Kandi Ponds, RWH in Urban Areas for 1.5 Lakhs houses.
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AR schemes completed during IX Plan: 8 |
Enactment of Ground Water Bill to regulate and control the development of ground water:
The Ground Water Bill is under consideration of the State Government.
Inclusion of Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting (RTRWH) in building by laws:
To be included.
Central Ground Water Authority
Areas Notified |
For Regulation of ground water development |
NIL |
For Registration of GW abstraction Structures |
NIL |
Mass Awareness Programmes (as on 31.03.2007) |
10 |
Water Management Training Programme (as on 31.03.2007) |
6 |
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Ministry
of Water Resources