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State Profile
Ground Water Scenario
Orissa
Area (Sq.km) |
1,55,707 |
Physiography |
Five physiographic units
- The Coastal Plains
- The Northern Uplands
- The Erosional plains of Mahanadi valley
- The South-Western Hilly Region
- The Subdued Plateaus
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Drainage |
Mainly eight major river basins within the state, whereas the Indravati, Kolab, Machakund sub-basins forms part of Godavari river basin. Most of the major rivers flow in easterly and southeasterly. |
Rainfall (mm) |
1502 |
Total Districts / Blocks |
30 districts, 314 Blocks |
GROUND WATER MEDIUM (Hydrogeological Conditions)
The State is underlain by diverse rock types ranging in age from Archaean to Recent. The State can be hydrogeologically sub divided into consolidated, semi-consolidated & unconsolidated formations. The consolidated formations include hard crystallines and compact sedimentary rocks whereas semi-consolidated formations include weathered and friable Gondwana sedimentaries and loosely cemented Baripada beds. The unconsolidated formations include laterites and recent alluvium. The yield of tubewells tapping granite gneisse ranges between 10-35 m3/hr whereas other consolidated formations, it ranges between 5-18 m3/hr. The yield of tubewells in semi-consolidated formations range between 20-115 m3/hr.
GROUND WATER EXPLORATION/SOURCES FINDINGS
Dynamic Resources |
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Annual Replenishable Ground water Resource |
23.09 BCM |
Net Annual Ground Water Availability |
21.01 BCM |
Annual Ground Water Draft |
3.85 BCM |
Stage of Ground Water Development |
18 % |
Developmental Monitoring |
Over Exploited |
NIL |
Critical |
NIL |
Semi- critical |
NIL |
Exploratory Tube wells Constructed (as on 31.03.2007) |
1562 |
No. of ground water observation wells |
1214 |
Ground Water User Maps |
30 districts |
Artificial Recharge to Ground Water (AR) |
- Area identified for AR: 8095 sq km
- Quantity of Surface Water to be Recharged: 06 MCM
- Feasible AR structures: 569 percolation tanks, 761 converted percolation tanks, 698 sub surface dykes, 809 nala contour bunds, 679 check dam weir, 1981 water spreading/ flooding structures, 668 induced recharge, 334 recharge shafts, RTRWH structures (1 lakh).
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AR schemes completed during IX Plan: 3 |
Ground Water Quality Problems |
Contaminants |
Districts affected in parts |
Salinity |
Cuttak, Baleswar, Puri |
Iron |
Parts of Coastal Orissa |
Fluoride |
Bolangir |
Enactment of Ground Water Bill to regulate and control the development of ground water:
Draft Bill namely, “Orissa Ground Water (Regulation and Control of Development and Management) Bill, 2006 has been referred to Ministry of Home Affairs for Administrative approval. To be enacted
nclusion of Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting (RTRWH) in building by laws:
To be included.
Central Ground Water Authority
Areas Notified |
For Regulation of ground water development |
NIL |
For Registration of GW abstraction Structures |
NIL |
Mass Awareness Programmes (as on 31.03.2007) |
21 |
Water Management Training Programme (as on 31.03.2007) |
15 |
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Ministry
of Water Resources