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State Profile
Ground Water Scenario
Tamil Nadu
Area (Sq.km) |
1,30,058 |
Rainfall (mm) |
995 |
Total Districts / Blocks |
30 distt. 384 Blocks |
GROUND WATER MEDIUM (Hydrogeological Conditions)
Nearly 73% of the total area of the State is occupied by a variety of hard & fissured crystalline rocks like charnockite, gneisses and granites. The depth of open wells varies from 6 to 30mbgl. While the depth of borewells generally varies from 30-100m. The sedimentary formations consist of sand stones, limestones and shales whereas Quaternary sediments in the State represented by Older alluvium and Recent alluvium and coastal sands. In the Cauvery delta of Thanjavur district, the artesian pressure head ranges between 4.5 m to 17 magl with free flow up to 270 m3/hr. The yield of wells in the alluvium varies form 27 to 212 m3/hr. The yield of wells in the fissured formations varies from 7 to 35 m3/hr.
GROUND WATER EXPLORATION/SOURCES FINDINGS
Dynamic Resources |
Annual Replenishable Ground water Resource |
23.07 BCM |
Net Annual Ground Water Availability |
20.76 BCM |
Annual Ground Water Draft |
17.65 BCM |
Stage of Ground Water Development |
85 % |
Developmental Monitoring |
Over Exploited |
142 Blocks |
Critical |
33 Blocks |
Semi- critical |
57 Blocks |
Exploratory Tube wells Constructed (as on 31.03.2007) |
997 |
No. of ground water observation wells |
906 |
Ground Water User Maps |
29 districts |
Artificial Recharge to Ground Water (AR) |
- Area identified for AR: 17292 sq km
- Quantity of Surface Water to be Recharged: 3597 MCM
- Feasible AR structures: 8612 percolation tanks, 18170 check dams, 5 lakh rain water harvesting structure
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AR schemes completed during VIII Plan: 3
AR schemes completed during IX Plan: 10 |
Ground Water Quality Problems |
Contaminants |
Districts affected in parts |
Salinity |
Karaikal, Pondicherry, Nagapattanam, Quide-Millet, Pudukottai, Ramananthapuram, North Arcot-ambedkar, Dharampuri, Salem, Trichy, Coimbatore. |
Fluoride |
Dharampuri, Salem, North Arcot-Ambedkar, villipurampadayatchi, Muthuramalingam, Tiruchirapalli, Pudukottai. |
Enactment of Ground Water Bill to regulate and control the development of ground water:
The State Government of Tamil Nadu has passed an Act namely “Tamil Nadu Ground Water (Development and Management) Act, 2003” which includes provision of Tamil Nadu Ground Water Authority to regulate and control water development in the State of Tamil Nadu.
Inclusion of Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting (RTRWH) in building by laws:
Included in all Corporation and Municipalities.
Central Ground Water Authority
Areas Notified |
For Regulation of ground water development |
NIL |
For Registration of GW abstraction Structures |
- Chengam of Thiruvannamalai District
- Thuraiyur of Thirichirapally District
- Thalaivasal of Salem District
- Gangavalli of Salem District
- Veerapani of Salem District
- Pernampet of Vellore District
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Mass Awareness Programmes (as on 31.03.2007) |
23 |
Water Management Training Programme (as on 31.03.2007) |
16 |
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Ministry
of Water Resources