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State Profile
State Profile
Ground Water Scenario of Bihar
Area (Sq.km) |
94,163 |
Rainfall (mm)
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1232 |
Total Districts / Blocks |
37 districts / 589 Blocks |
Hydrogeology
Hydrogeologically, the various litho-units of the State can be grouped as unconsolidated / Alluvial formation, semi-consolidated formations and consolidated/fissured formations. The main alluvial tract covers entire north Bihar and a sizeable area south of the Ganga River. These alluvial formations constitute prolific aquifers where the tubewell can yield between 120-247 m3/hr. The potentiality of these aquifer decreases due south in the marginal tract. Auto flow conditions occur in the sub-Tarai region of Madhubani, Sitamarhi and West Champaran districts. In the hard rock areas of South Bihar, borewells located near lineaments/fractures can yield between 10-50 m3/hr.
Dynamic Ground Water Resources |
Annual Replenishable Ground water Resource |
29.19 BCM |
Net Annual Ground Water Availability |
27.42 BCM |
Annual Ground Water Draft |
10.77 BCM |
Stage of Ground Water Development |
39 % |
Ground Water Development & Management |
Over Exploited |
NIL |
Critical |
NIL |
Semi- critical |
NIL |
Ground Water User Maps |
38 districts |
Artificial Recharge to Ground Water (AR) |
- Area identified for AR: 1650 sq. km.
- Quantity of Surface Water to be Recharged: 574 MCM
- Feasible AR structures: 891 Percolation Tanks, 2260 Check Dams, 1630 Recharge Shaft, 1303 Contour Bunding, RWH in Urban Areas
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Ground Water Quality Problems |
Contaminants |
Districts affected (in part) |
Fluoride (>1.5 mg/l) |
Aurangabad, Banka, Buxar, Bhabua(Kaimur), Jamui, Munger, Nawada, Rohtas, Supaul |
Iron (>1.0 mg/l) |
Aurangabad, Begusarai, Bhojpur, Buxar, Bhabua(Kaimur), East Champaran, Gopalganj, Katihar, Khagaria, Kishanganj, Lakhiserai, Madhepura, Muzafferpur, Nawada, Rohtas, Saharsa, Samastipur, Siwan, Supaul, West Champaran |
Nitrate (>45 mg/l) |
Aurangabad, Banka, Bhagalpur, Bhojpur, Bhabua, Patna, Rohtas, Saran, Siwan |
Arsenic (>0.05 mg/l ) |
Begusarai, Bhagalpur, Bhojpur, Buxar, Darbhanga, Katihar, Khagaria, Kishanganj, Lakhiserai,Munger, Patna, Purnea, Samastipur, Saran, Vaishali |
Enactment of Ground Water Bill to regulate and control the development of ground water:
Bihar Ground Water (Regulation & Control of Development and Management) Act, 2006 enacted and notified on 29.01.2007 by the State Government of Bihar.
Inclusion of Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting (RTRWH) in building by laws:
The Bihar Ground Water (Regulation and Control of Development and Management) Act, 2006 has been enacted which provides mandatory provision of RTRWH structures in the building plan in an area of 1000 sq. m. or more.
Central Ground Water Authority
Areas Notified for Regulation of ground water development |
NIL |
Mass Awareness Programme (as on 31.03.2010) |
17 |
Water Management Training Programme (as on 31.03.2010) |
8 |
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Ministry
of Water Resources