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State Profile
State Profile
Ground Water Scenario of Meghalaya
Area (Sq.km) |
22,429 |
Physiography |
Mainly four physiographic units
- Uplifted Plateau
- Denudational high hills
- Denudational low hills
- Intermontane valleys
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Drainage |
State is drained by Brahmaputra, Meghna and its tributaries. |
Rainfall (mm) |
2050 mm with 200 rainy days |
Total Districts / Blocks |
7 districts 32 Blocks |
Hydrogeology
The northern part of the State is covered by consolidated formations comprising granites, gneisses, schists, quartzites, phyllites and Conglomerates with basic and acid intrusives. The zone of weathering is the main repository of ground water, however, the weak planes, fissure, joints and fractures also hold substantial quantity of ground water. Semi-consolidated sandstones with other sedimentary formations cover the entire south western and south eastern part of the State in Khasi and Jaintia hills district. The tubewells in the sedimentary formations in valleys yield 25-50 m3/hr. Unconsolidated formations are restricted to a narrow belt in the extreme north western fringe where hills rolls down to Assam and Bangladesh plains. The deep tube wells in these alluvial formations can yield between 54 to 110 m3/hr. Shallow Tube wells in river fills in Garo hills district yield between 25 & 40 m3/hr. Ground water in the State is characterized by low salinity.
Dynamic Ground Water Resources |
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Annual Replenishable Ground water Resource |
1.15 BCM |
Net Annual Ground Water Availability |
1.04 BCM |
Annual Ground Water Draft |
0.002 BCM |
Stage of Ground Water Development |
0.18 % |
Ground Water Development & Management |
Over Exploited |
NIL |
Critical |
NIL |
Semi- critical |
NIL |
Ground water user maps |
7 districts |
Artificial Recharge to Ground Water (AR) |
- Feasible AR structures: 300 check dams, 600 weirs, 600 gabion structures, 300 roof top harvesting, 200 development of springs.
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AR schemes completed during IX Plan: 1 |
Ground Water Quality Problems |
Contaminants |
Districts affected (in part) |
Iron (>1.0 mg/l) |
East Garo Hills, East Khasi Hill, Jaintia Hills |
Enactment of Ground Water Bill to regulate and control the development of ground water:
The State Govt. informed that a Committee has been set up to examine the Model Bill.
Inclusion of Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting (RTRWH) in building by laws:
The State Government is considering to constitute State RWH Authority.
Central Ground Water Authority
Areas Notified for Regulation of ground water development |
NIL |
Mass Awareness Programme (as on 31.03.2010) |
4 |
Water Management Training Programme (as on 31.03.2010) |
2 |
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Ministry
of Water Resources