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State Profile
State Profile
Ground Water Scenario of Punjab
Area (Sq.km) |
50,362 |
Rainfall (mm) |
780 |
Total Districts / Blocks |
17 districts 138 Blocks |
Hydrogeology
The Punjab State is mainly underlain by Quaternary alluvium of considerable thickness, which abuts against the rocks of Siwalik system towards North-East. The alluvial deposits in general act as a single ground water body except locally as buried channels. Sufficient thickness of saturated permeable granular horizons occurs in the flood plains of rivers which are capable of sustaining heavy duty tubewells.
Dynamic Ground Water Resources |
Annual Replenishable Ground water Resource |
23.78 BCM |
Net Annual Ground Water Availability |
21.44 BCM |
Annual Ground Water Draft |
31.16 BCM |
Stage of Ground Water Development |
145 % |
Ground Water Development & Management |
Over Exploited |
103 Blocks |
Critical |
5 Blocks |
Semi- critical |
4 Blocks |
Ground Water User Maps |
17 districts |
Artificial Recharge to Ground Water (AR) |
- Area identified for AR: 22750 sq km
- Quantity of Surface Water to be Recharged: 1200 MCM
- Feasible AR structures40030 recharge shafts and recharge trenches, 12800 Roof Top Harvesting structures in urban areas.
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AR schemes completed during IX Plan: 17 |
Ground Water Quality Problems |
Contaminants |
Districts affected (in part) |
Salinity (EC > 3000 µS/cm at 25 ° C) |
Firozepur, Faridkot, Bhathinda, Mansa, Muktsar, Sangrur |
Fluoride (>1.5 mg/l) |
Amritsar, Bhatinda, Faridkot, fatehgarh Sahib, Firozepur, Gurdaspur, Mansa, Moga, Muktsar, Patiala, Sangrur |
Chloride (> 1000 mg/l) |
Firozepur, Muktsar |
Iron (>1.0 mg/l) |
Bhathinda, Faridkot, Fatehgarh Sahib, Firozepur, Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur, Mansa, Rupnagar, Sangrur |
Nitrate (>45 mg/l) |
Bhathinda, Faridkot, Fatehgarh Sahib, Firozepur, Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur, Jalandhar, Kapurthala, Ludhiana, Mansa, Moga, Muktsar, Nawan Shaher, Patiala, Rupnagar, Sangrur |
Enactment of Ground Water Bill to regulate and control the development of ground water:
The Punjab Ground Water (Control and Regulation) Act, 1998 was prepared on the basis of Model Bill and was submitted to the Punjab State Water Resource Committee. The Committee observed that the draft is too harsh on users and Model Bill circulated by MOWR is not in the larger interest of the farmers and suggested that a system of incentives is better. The State Govt informed that the Govt is of the view that Ground Water Legislation should be attempted after thorough deliberations with all the stakeholders and comprehensive legal scrutiny.
Inclusion of Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting (RTRWH) in building by laws:
Building Bye-laws amended to make RWH System mandatory in all buildings of above 200 sq. yds.. The Punjab Urban Development Authority (PUDA) is in the process of amending the PUDA (Building) Rules 1996 for making this system mandatory. Municipal Corporation of Ludhiana and Jalandhar have framed Bye-laws to make RWH mandatory in new buildings.
Central Ground Water Authority
Areas Notified for Regulation of ground water development |
- Ludhiana city, Ludhiana district.
- Moga –I block, Moga district
- Moga –II block, Moga district
- Sangrur block, Sangrur district
- Mahal Kalan block, Sangrur district
- Ahmedgarh block, Sangrur district.
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Mass Awareness Programme (as on 31.03.2010) |
7 |
Water Management Training Programme (as on 31.03.2010) |
3 |
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Ministry
of Water Resources