Aquifer mapping is a process wherein a combination of geologic, geophysical, hydrologic, hydrogeological and chemical analyses is applied to characterize the quantity, quality and sustainability of groundwater in aquifers. In recent past, there has been a paradigm shift from “groundwater development” to “groundwater management”. As large parts of India, particularly hard rock aquifers have become water stressed due to rapid growth in demand for water due to growth in population, irrigation, urbanization and changing life style. Therefore, in order to have an accurate and comprehensive micro-level picture of groundwater in India, Aquifer mapping in different hydrogeological settings at the appropriate scale is devised and implemented, to enable robust groundwater management plans. This will help in achieving drinking water security, improved irrigation facility and sustainability in water resources development in large parts of rural and many parts of urban India. The aquifer mapping program is important for planning suitable adaptation strategies to meet climate change also. Thus, the crux of National Aquifer Mapping (NAQUIM) is not merely mapping, but reaching the goal-that of groundwater management through community participation.