Aurangabad district with a geographical area of 3389 Km2 lies between longitudes of84° 00’- 84° 45’ E and latitudes of 24°30’ - 25°15’ N in the South Bihar Plains (SBP) and 3mostly part of the marginal alluvial plains of Ganga Basin. Sone River forms the western boundary of the area and at southern boundary lays the Chhotanagpur Granitic Gneissic Complex (CGGC) of Jharkhnad state. The district is bounded in the north and the east by Arwal district and Gaya district respectively. There are eleven (11) administrative blocks which are grouped into two sub-divisions. There is total 224 Gram Panchayats in the district representing 1712 villages. Major part of the district is characterized by fertile alluvial plain except hilly area in the southern part. The soil type are younger alluvial, older alluvial and foothill soil. The Punpun River and its tributaries drain about 87% area of the district. Rest 13% is the north-western peripheral drained by the river Sone which flowing from south-west to north-east.The Aurangabad district is irrigated by Eastern Sone High Level Canal and North KoelMain Canal. Eastern Sone High Level Canal off-takes from Indrapuri Barrage located about 10 km upstream in Sone from Barun town near Indrpuri, Rohtas. North Koel, main canal off takes from Mohammadganj Barrage located in Palamau district, Jharkhand. Geologically, the district is made up of various formations from Archean to present day deposits. Near southern and eastern part of the district, Chhotanapur Gneissic complex of Archean age is exposed and also as inliers and covers about 20% of the geographical area. It gradually dips towards north and form the basement. The Remaining major part is the alluvium of Pleistocene to quaternary age. As per the available data the discharge of the wells in this district located in fissured aquifer is upto 10 lit/Sec. The yield of the wells of 1st aquifer has been found upto 40 lps (Mathurapur, Nabinagar) and the maximum cumulative discharge of the 1st and 2nd aquifer in further north is 57 lps (Nagauli and Malhara village, Hanspura block.) As per the assessment report 2020, all 11 block are categorised as ‘safe’. The stage of ground water extraction has been ranged from 23 (Barun) to 60 % (Kutumba). It indicates that there is ample scope for ground water development. There is diversity in the availability of Ground water in Aurangabad. Hard rocks are found at shallow depth in southern and eastern area of the district covering part of the Goh, Kutumba, Nabinagar, Dev, Madanpur and Rafiganj blocks. In this area thickness of alluvial is negligible to few meters. In this area, besides weathered residuum, ground water occurs in secondary porosity of rock i.e. fracture, cracks etc. Maximum discharge found in this area is upto 10 lps (litre per second) only. Comparison of 4th and 5th MI census figures indicate that the number of deep tube wells is increased in this area. Alluvial thickness in the central part of the district has been found to be 40 to 50 meters. Ground water exploration data indicates the presence of single aquifer system. Analysis of the data reveals that canals water supply reduces the dependency on ground water. There is a possibility to increase ground water development in this area for future need. The alluvial thickness in the northern part of the district is about 150 m. Drilling data indicates 2 (two) aquifer system in this area. Although, in this area also, canals water supply reduces the dependency on ground water, ground water may be developed further to fulfils the future need as the assessment units (blocks) are categorized as ‘safe’ (GWRA – 2020). Major Ground Water Issues as 1. In southern and eastern part of the district (Goh, Kutumba, Nabinagar Rafiganj, people are shifting towards deep tube wells. 2. Ground water exploration data shows that western narrow part along the river Sone characterized by the Vindhyans rocks, have no any potential zone for ground water extraction. 3. As per the ground water resources estimation – 2020, block wise estimated Stage of Ground Water Extraction of the district is 35.95% only. It shows that there is a scope todevelop ground water to fulfil need in future. Management Strategies as possibility of construction of additional shallow tube wells On the basis of Ground Water Resource Estimation -2017, additional number shallow tube well for alluvium area for each block has been calculated within the safe limit of the Stage of Development upto 70% by considering unit draft for each tube well 1.69 ha m. As per the calculation, a total of 16618 number of tube wells can be constructed to fulfil the future demand of ground water. Artificial recharge should be encouraged to arrest the decline of ground water level caused by the increasing demand of ground water. In a long narrow patch along the river Sone, geologically characterised by the Vindhyan group of rocks ground water potential zone is not significant. Therefore a geophysical survey has been carried out to identify the extension of sand bed towards the land area. Ground Water Development along Sone River as in a long narrow patch along the river Sone, geologically characterized by the Vindhyan group of rocks ground water potential zone is not significant. Therefore a geophysical survey has been carried out to identify the extension of sand bed towards the land area.